Assessment of Bedrock Depth Utilizing Vertical Electrical Sounding (DDBR)
Garba Ali Mohammed1, Charles Calvin Kauda2, Ezekiel Kamureyina3, Mustafa Ali Garba4, Musa Hayatudeen5, Udo Aniedi Aniekan6
1Garba Ali Mohammed, Department of Geology, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria.
2Charles Calvin Kauda, Department of Exploration, Dangote Coal Mines, Ltd Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria.
3Ezekiel Kamureyina, Department of Geology, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
4Mustafa Ali Garba, Department of Physics, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
5Musa Hayatudeen, Geophysics Unit, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nieria.
6Udo Aniedi Aniekan, Geophysics Unit, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nieria.
Manuscript received on 19 March 2024 | Revised Manuscript received on 26 October 2024 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 November 2024 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2024 | PP: 5-12 | Volume-12 Issue-12, November 2024 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijese.D441913040424 | DOI: 10.35940/ijese.D4419.12121124
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This study is aimed at evaluating the depth to bed rock around Li ji area of Gombe Northeastern Nigeria. The area covers 18𝒌𝒎𝟐 and lies between Latitudes 11°11ʹ20.4ʺ, and 11°14′ 37.4″Eand Longitudes 10°16′ 20.8″, and 10°19′ 16.0″N, (Gombe N.W Sheet 152). The study area consists of Basement rocks (Coarse grained Biotite Granite,), Aptian-Albian indurated Bima Sandstone, Gombe Formation and Mud rock. Ten (10) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were profiled around Li ji and environs, employing Schlumberger array with a maximum electrode separation of AB/2 = 100m to determine the depth to bedrock. The data obtained were processed and interpreted using Win Resist program. The results showed that seven (7) VES points (VES 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10) displayed three layers while the remaining (VES 4, 7 and 9) had four layers. The Geo-electric sections along profiles A-A’ and B-B’ revealed that the area is underlain dominantly by three layers, (top soil, weathered sandstone and basement). The first layer has a resistivity value ranging from 2.3 to 193.5Ωm with a thickness that ranges from 0.4 to 7.1m. The second layer is weathered Sandstone with a resistivity range of 2.8 to 4607.6Ωmand thickness of 0.8 to 7.3m while the third layer is Basement with resistivity value of 93.6 to 37356.9Ωm with an infinite thickness. VES 4, 7 and 9 had four layers and the third layer represent the fresh Sandstone with resistivity ranges of 290.2Ωm to 4607.6Ωmand a thickness of 3.3m to 17.3m while the forth layer in the respective three VES points is basement, having resistivity ranges of 3.1Ωm to 15717.4Ωm with an infinite thickness. At the end of the study, the results revealed that Basement rocks are present at VES 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 at the depth of 10m, 9.3m, 19.7m, 6.5m,5.7m, 14.7m and 24.0m respectively with an infinite thickness, therefore these serves as the depths to be removed to reached the top of the basement for the construction of a sound foundation.
Keywords: Vertical Electrical Sounding, Bedrock, Geo-electric.
Scope of the Article: GEOTECH Engineering